天地传说之鱼美人

真相来了丨“地震被压在废墟下的小男孩”居然是AI生成的_我的网站

一 |     1月7日9时许，西藏日喀则市定日县发生的6.8级地震，牵动着大家的心。但与此同时，一些网友为了博取流量制造关于震区的不实信息，在网络上公然传播，对公众造成误导。    

    The general assembly of the Lixun-1 upper stage Photo: Courtesy of CAS Space
    The Lixun-1 upper stage Photo: Courtesy of CAS Space
Lixun-1 upper stage, a versatile "space tug" developed by China's commercial space firm CAS Space, is scheduled to make its maiden flight in the first quarter of 2027 after completing a series of key propulsion-system tests, the developer and its chief designer told the Global Times on Tuesday.
The "tug" is designed to ferry satellites from one orbit to another and support missions ranging from constellation deployment to lunar exploration. 
While the main stages of a rocket carry payloads from the ground into an initial orbit, an upper stage takes over once the craft is in space. By repeatedly restarting its engine and changing orbit, Lixun-1 can deliver satellites to higher or different orbits, distribute multiple spacecraft to separate destinations during a single launch, or send probes onto trajectories toward the moon and beyond, Global Times learned from the developer.
Yang Haoliang, chief designer of the Lixun-1 upper stage, compared the system to a shuttle service. "If the regular stages of a launch vehicle are like a long-distance bus," - they carry the upper stage and satellites from Earth to a near-Earth parking orbit - the upper stage then takes over as a "space tug," carrying its satellite "passengers" onward to their designated orbital "stops," Yang explained. 
That capability can have a direct impact on how efficiently satellites are launched and operated, Yang said. If a satellite has to climb from an initial orbit to its final destination using its own engine, the process can consume a considerable amount of onboard propellant and reduce the fuel available during its operational life. An upper stage can instead perform that orbital transfer, helping conserve satellite fuel and potentially extend its service life.
It can also make one rocket launch do more work. Instead of releasing a batch of satellites into roughly the same orbit, Lixun-1 can repeatedly ignite its engine and maneuver between deployments, sending different satellites to different altitudes and inclinations. Yang said this would help accelerate constellation deployment while improving the efficiency of individual launches.
The practical ambitions behind the system are backed by a major technical milestone reached this month. In August, Lixun-1 completed its PV-001 integrated propulsion-system coordination firing test, during which the entire system operated smoothly for 566 seconds.  
Yang told the Global Times that the current Lixun-1 upper stage has a thrust of 20 kilonewtons and can achieve a specific impulse of 315 seconds, which he described as reaching an internationally leading level. The August firing covered the planned profile for the maiden mission, an important step before the system proceeds to flight testing.
The test was more than a demonstration of the engine itself. As an important system-level verification during development, it examined the coordination and engineering reliability of the engine pressurization system, propellant delivery system, propellant management system and servo-control system under the fully integrated configuration.
Of a series of tests that accumulated 5,211 seconds of firing time, the latest one focused on three core technologies: a high-thrust, high-performance 20-kilonewton upper-stage engine capable of multiple starts; balanced propellant delivery from multiple parallel tanks; and a highly reliable integrated electrical system. Their successful verification means Lixun-1 has completed its system-level testing and is ready to move into the flight-test phase, according to the developer.
Lixun-1 has been designed as a modular and generally adaptable upper stage rather than a system tied to only one rocket. It is intended to work with CAS Space's Kinetica-2 and Kinetica-2 heavy-lift variants as well as other launch vehicles, Yang said.
When paired with the Kinetica-2 family, Lixun-1 could significantly expand the rocket's mission range. For communications missions, it could deliver satellites to geosynchronous transfer orbit or even directly to geosynchronous orbit, conserving satellite propellant while supporting the deployment of high-throughput satellites and future 6G communications spacecraft.
For multi-satellite missions, the combination could distribute spacecraft to different orbital altitudes and inclinations during a single launch, potentially serving both low-Earth-orbit constellations and medium- or high-orbit payloads. For deep-space missions, it could place probes onto Earth-moon transfer trajectories and support lunar exploration, Yang said.
The upper stage is designed to be able to conduct more than 20 engine ignitions, autonomously plan orbital-transfer routes and operate under the vacuum and extreme temperature conditions of space. After completing payload deployment, it can also carry out orbital disposal maneuvers to reduce space-debris risks.
Yang said the Lixun-1 and Kinetica-2 combination is designed to cover the vast majority of commercial satellite launch requirements while retaining the ability to participate in major national space projects. More broadly, the upper stage forms part of CAS Space's effort to build launch capabilities reaching medium and high Earth orbits and deep space, extending the reach of China's commercial space sector toward higher orbits and more distant destinations.
。其中，有一张“被压在废墟下的小男孩”的图片在网上引发了广泛关注。图片中，一名戴帽子的小男孩被压在倒塌的废墟之下，全身铺满尘埃。

二 | 不少网友被图片视频误导，纷纷在留言区关注男孩的生命安全。而实际上这张照片是由AI生成的。究竟怎么一回事？来看记者的调查。视频加载中...记者采访AI图片创作者还原事情真相图片中，一名戴帽子的小男孩被压在倒塌的废墟下，全身铺满尘埃。但记者注意到，有不少网友被图片视频造成误导，并在留言区关注男孩的生命安全。有网友留言称，“有小孩被压还不赶紧抢救”，有人表示“心都碎了”……而实际上，这张图片是由AI生成，图中孩子的左手显示为六根手指。记者联系到该AI图片的创作者何先生，对方给记者提供了原始版的AI生成视频，短视频截图显示，这段视频在去年11月发布，并非本次西藏地震期间发布。

三 | 当事人：有自媒体涉嫌盗用AI生成素材何先生告诉记者，自己创作这段AI图片和视频的起因，是看到加沙战争地区的孩子家园遭到破坏、流离失所，希望通过视频传递和平愿望。但他没有想到，自己发布在短视频平台上的素材遭到他人盗用，并和西藏地震进行了关联。

四 | “被压废墟下的小男孩”AI视频创作者 何先生：创作的原因是看到国外有战争，为了反映战争废墟下孩子们的生存环境。我不是为了拿它来宣传、造谣，但这个网络搬运内容的事情很恶劣。现在我在所有平台把作品的下载功能都关闭了，就是为了防止别人盗走视频。“假图”关联真实事件 违背社会公序良俗地震救援现场牵动着全社会，而没承想，何先生去年11月发布的视频被人移花接木，将此次地震相关的信息肆意拼凑，这种用灾难博取流量的行为，令人愤慨。有法律人士表示，用“假图”关联真实事件的行为违背了社会公序良俗，有扰乱社会秩序之嫌，将面临法律处罚。

五 | 中国慈善联合会法律顾问 张凌霄：自媒体是盗用了别人的AI制品，在抗震救灾突发事件当中来博取眼球，吸引流量，构成治安管理处罚，严重的会构成犯罪。同时因为它利用了救灾的心理，是违反社会的公序良俗和道德最基本的要求。律师 张晓玲：根据相关法律法规，编造虚假的险情、疫情、灾情、警情，在信息网络或者其他媒体上传播，或者明知是上述虚假信息，故意在信息网络或者其他媒体上传播，严重扰乱社会秩序的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者管制；造成严重后果的，处三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。软件30秒“编造”地震报道 未标注AI生成记者也试着用了一款剪辑软件，只用30秒就生成了一则所谓的“地震报道”。记者在一款用户量庞大的剪辑软件中，使用其提供的AI视频生成功能，输入一句关于小女孩在地震中被救出的文字描述，不到30秒钟，软件就生成了一段20秒左右的视频，并提供画外音解说。视频中并未标注“AI生成”字样，软件也没有要求用户添加这样的标识。而在引发大量关注的“被压废墟下的小男孩”图片和视频中，创作者何先生也告诉记者，AI软件没有强制要求标注“AI生成”字样，是自己在视频上方添加了水印，但后来被盗用者删掉了水印。

六 | 有人工智能研究者表示，目前亟须建立统一的规范要求，避免AI以假乱真。吉林大学人工智能学院院长 宋轩：无论是我们个人上传的相关的由AI生成的视频或者图像，还是由软件包括平台发布的等等相关的AI生成的内容，我觉得必须遵守披露和声明原则。所有的内容如果是由AI生成的，无论是在生成的过程中，还是上传的过程中，需要进行声明和披露，就是要明确标注出来，说这个内容是由AI生成的。我觉得对于个人用户，这也是我们在使用AI的过程中应该遵守的一个基本原则，一个道德准则。

七 | AI软件生成的内容是否需要主动标注？那么，由AI软件生成的图片和视频，究竟该不该主动标注由AI生成？去年9月，国家互联网信息办公室发布关于《人工智能生成合成内容标识办法（征求意见稿）》，其中提到： 在图片的适当位置添加显著的提示标识；在视频起始画面和视频播放周边的适当位置添加显著的提示标识，可在视频末尾和中间适当位置添加显著的提示标识。而在此次新闻事件中记者发现，原本AI视频的发布者标注了AI生成，而在他人盗用过程中，却对AI生成的标注信息进行了模糊，从而误导了受众。平台加强监管 AI时代守好信息真实底线除了AI生成软件和生成者要肩负起自己的责任，专家指出，还要在监管方面，发展AI技术来破解、识别AI造谣；相关的立法、执法也需要加强，并在全社会要加强相关人员的教育和科普工作，让公众的辨别力更高。中国人民大学新闻与社会发展中心研究员 曾持：“生成式AI”的拼接本质和谣言有很强的亲近性，二者都属于“无中生有”——创造看起来真实合理的信息。AI让造谣更加简单和“科学”了，因为AI会根据热点事件总结规律、拼接情节，很快就能制作出符合人们“期待”的谣言，让传播更加迅速。专家也指出，目前，平台审核机制存在一定滞后性，未能及时有效识别AI虚构图片，对自媒体账号发布内容监管不力，特别是在涉及灾害等敏感话题时，更应加强审核力度。未来需要利用技术手段、人工审核等多方式加强对地震等突发信息的管控。律师 张晓玲：平台应该改进审核机制，提高审核效率，并使用更加直观有效的提示方式，避免虚假信息的传播。中国人民大学新闻与社会发展中心研究员 曾持：在现在的技术情况下，平台只能事后惩罚。但是现代社会的传播速度又太快了，造成的影响太迅速，所以很难在源头上根治AI造谣的影响。我觉得将来监管要从两个方向努力： 第一是要让人们认识到，不管是通过AI，还是通过其他工具手段技术，造谣宣传假新闻都是违法犯罪的行为；第二是将来AI技术要跟平台更紧密地联系在一起，平台要能根据AI新工具，来反向识别由AI拼造的假图片和假新闻。

八 | 责任编辑：赵羽祺。

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